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Social Psychology: Influence, Conformity & Group Dynamics

81 cards · 🇺🇸 English

Classic experiments on conformity and obedience, plus how groups shape behavior.

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Social psychology

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  1. 1Social psychology
    The methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
  2. 2Social influence
    Overarching term denoting the persuasive effects people have on each other, including conformity, compliance, and obedience
  3. 3Conformity
    The tendency to act or think like other members of a group
  4. 4Informational social influence
    Type of conformity that involves conforming to gain accurate information
  5. 5Normative social influence
    Type of conformity that involves conforming to be accepted or liked by the group
  6. 6Compliance
    Any change in behavior that is due to a request or suggestion from another person
  7. 7Obedience
    Change in behavior that is the result of a direct order or command from another person
  8. 8Asch conformity experiments
    Line-length estimation study demonstrating people's impulses to conform with group members; 75% of participants conformed at least once
  9. 9What percentage of participants in Asch's study conformed at least once?
    Seventy-five percent (75%) of participants conformed at least once during the experiment
  10. 10Milgram experiment
    Study showing that normal American citizens would follow orders from an authority figure even when believing they were causing suffering or death
  11. 11Foot-in-the-door technique
    Compliance method where persuader requests a small favor and then follows up with a larger favor
  12. 12Door-in-the-face technique
    Compliance method involving making a large request likely to be refused to make a subsequent smaller request more likely to be accepted
  13. 13Bait and switch
    Disingenuous sales strategy enticing customers with low-priced unavailable items to sell more expensive ones
  14. 14Social facilitation
    Tendency to work harder and faster in the presence of others
  15. 15Norman Triplett's 1898 experiment
    First published study in social psychology on the phenomenon of social facilitation
  16. 16Kurt Lewin
    Established an early, influential research program in social psychology with his students
  17. 17Stanford prison experiment
    Philip Zimbardo's study where student guards became brutal and prisoners became compliant, demonstrating power of social situation and role-playing
  18. 18Bobo doll experiment
    Albert Bandura's study demonstrating how aggression is learned by imitation, with children imitating aggressive behavior they observed
  19. 19Deindividuation
    Reduced state of self-awareness that can be caused by feelings of anonymity, associated with uninhibited and sometimes dangerous behavior
  20. 20What can cause deindividuation?
    Crowds and mobs, disguises, uniforms, alcohol, dark environments, or online anonymity
  21. 21Informed consent
    Process used to make sure volunteers know what will be asked of them in an experiment and understand they can quit at any time
  22. 22Debriefing
    Process typically done at experiment's conclusion to reveal any deceptions used and ensure participants are unharmed
  23. 23Internal validity
    Degree to which experiments are free from confounding or extraneous variables; controlled experiments are high in this
  24. 24External validity
    Degree to which results can be generalized to the larger population; small samples in controlled experiments typically low in this
  25. 25WEIRD problem
    Disproportionate representation of participants from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic societies in psychological research
  26. 26Replication crisis
    Many social psychological research findings have proven difficult to replicate, questioning the validity of some previously held beliefs
  27. 27Norman Triplett's 1898 contribution
    First published study in social psychology on social facilitation
  28. 28Social group
    Two or more individuals connected to each other by social relationships, who interact, influence each other, and share a common identity
  29. 29Social aggregates
    Coincidental, temporary gatherings that lack the emergent qualities of true groups (norms, roles, relations)
  30. 30Norms (in groups)
    Implicit rules and expectations for group members to follow

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