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Nursing: Patient Safety & Infection Control

43 cards · 🇺🇸 English

Patient safety principles and infection prevention in clinical settings.

medicinenursingpatient-safetyinfection-control

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Nursing according to modern healthcare practice

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1Nursing according to modern healthcare practice
A healthcare profession that integrates art and science of caring, focusing on protection, promotion, and optimization of health; prevention of illness/injury; facilitation of healing; and alleviation of suffering
2Nursing process as defined by the American Nurses Association
Five steps: 1) Evaluate, 2) Implement, 3) Plan, 4) Diagnose, and 5) Assess
3Evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing
Integration of research findings with clinical expertise and patient preferences to guide nursing practice
4Common barriers to integrating research findings into clinical decision-making
Lack of opportunity, inexperience, and the rapid pace of evidence accumulation
5Assessment in nursing
An essential nursing skill involving evaluation of patients' physical and mental health, acute changes, response to treatments, and understanding of health status
6Why is critical thinking important for nurses?
In emergency situations, nurses must quickly assess a patient and determine the best course of action
7What responsibilities do nurses have regarding medication administration?
Nurses are legally responsible for drugs they administer, must evaluate patients before and after administration, and may note and report prescription errors
8Do nurses in the United States have the right to refuse medication administration?
Yes, nurses have the right to refuse to administer medication they deem potentially harmful
9What leads to better patient outcomes according to nursing research?
Effective patient and family education
10Why is educating patients' families important?
It increases the chance for a better outcome, as families need similar education to patients
11What education techniques do nurses use?
Conversations, visuals, reading materials, and demonstrations
12What daily living assistance do nurses provide?
Managing and coordinating care for activities of daily living (ADL) such as hygiene, toileting, and patient mobility
13Most common occupational stress reported by nurses
Stress is consistently identified as a major work-related concern, with nurses having among the highest levels of occupational stress among all professions
14What causes occupational stress in nursing?
Environment, psychosocial stressors, mastering new technology, emotional labor, physical labor, shift work, and high workload
15What health problems are nurses at risk for due to occupational stress?
Sleep disorders, depression, mortality, psychiatric disorders, stress-related illnesses, and overall poor health
16Compassion fatigue and moral distress
Conditions that can damage mental health in nurses, often resulting from the demanding nature of nursing care
17Rates of occupational burnout and emotional exhaustion among nurses
Burnout: 40%, Emotional exhaustion: 43.2%
18How do burnout and exhaustion affect nursing care?
They increase the risk for illness, medical error, and suboptimal care provision
19Single greatest factor in overexertion injuries among nurses
Manual lifting, moving, and repositioning of patients according to NIOSH
20What percentage of musculoskeletal injuries in healthcare are related to patient handling?
Anywhere from 30% to 70% of reported musculoskeletal injuries
21Most frequently injured body part among nurses
The back, with up to 72% of nurses reporting non-specific low back pain
22Are traditional manual patient handling training techniques effective?
No, the body of evidence has demonstrated that such interventions are ineffective
23Three types of workplace violence nurses can experience
Physical violence (hitting, kicking, beating, biting), psychological violence (threats or coercion), and sexual violence (non-consensual sex acts)
24What percentage of serious violent incidents in healthcare centers are committed by patients?
80% of serious violent incidents
25Interpersonal violence in healthcare settings
Violence committed by workers, patients, and their families; its predominant form is verbal abuse
26Organizational coercion in nursing
Excessive workloads, mandatory shifts, involuntary placement, low salaries, denial of benefits/overtime, poor working environment, and other stressors
27What environmental factors contribute to workplace violence?
Specific settings (e.g., emergency department), long patient wait times, frequent interruptions, treatment uncertainty, and heavy workloads
28What organizational factors contribute to workplace violence?
Inefficient teamwork, organizational injustice, lack of aggression/stress-management programs, and distrust between colleagues
29What individual psychosocial factors make nurses vulnerable to violence?
Being young and inexperienced, previous experiences with violence, and lack of communication skills
30What emotional impacts does workplace violence have on nurses?
Nurses feel depersonalized, dehumanized, worn out, and stressed out; many report burnout due to frequent exposure