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Human Anatomy: Organs & Systems

190 cards · 🇺🇸 English

Cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, immune, lymphatic and reproductive systems.

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Three main components of the circulatory system

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  1. 1Three main components of the circulatory system
    Heart, blood vessels, and blood
  2. 2Two main divisions of the circulatory system
    Pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation
  3. 3How many chambers does the human heart have?
    Four chambers: left and right atria, left and right ventricles
  4. 4Pulmonary circulation
    Circuit from the right heart to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left heart
  5. 5Systemic circulation
    Circuit from the left heart delivering oxygenated blood to the body, returning deoxygenated blood to the right heart
  6. 6How much blood does an average adult contain?
    5 to 6 quarts (roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters), ~7% of body weight
  7. 7Four components of blood
    Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
  8. 8Function of red blood cells
    Transport oxygen (via hemoglobin) and carbon dioxide
  9. 9Function of white blood cells
    Fight infections and support the immune system
  10. 10Function of platelets
    Blood clotting to stop bleeding
  11. 11Blood plasma
    The fluid component of blood carrying nutrients, proteins, hormones, and waste
  12. 12Hemoglobin
    Protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen
  13. 13What percentage of oxygen in arterial blood is bound to hemoglobin?
    About 98.5% (1.5% dissolved in plasma)
  14. 14Three types of blood vessels
    Arteries, veins, and capillaries
  15. 15What do arteries do?
    Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart (except pulmonary artery)
  16. 16What do veins do?
    Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart (except pulmonary vein)
  17. 17What do capillaries do?
    Connect arteries and veins; site of gas, nutrient, and waste exchange
  18. 18Arterioles
    Small arteries that branch into capillaries
  19. 19Venules
    Small veins that collect blood from capillaries
  20. 20Aorta
    The largest artery; carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body
  21. 21Vena cavae
    Two large veins (superior and inferior) returning deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
  22. 22Superior vena cava
    Large vein draining blood from tissues above the heart
  23. 23Inferior vena cava
    Large vein draining blood from tissues below the heart
  24. 24How long is the total length of capillaries in a 70 kg human?
    Estimated 9,000 to 19,000 km
  25. 25Pulmonary artery
    Artery carrying deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
  26. 26Pulmonary vein
    Vein carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
  27. 27Tricuspid valve
    Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
  28. 28Pulmonary semilunar valve
    Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
  29. 29Aortic semilunar valve
    Valve between the left ventricle and aorta
  30. 30Coronary circulation
    Blood supply to the heart muscle itself

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