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Mental Health: Therapeutic Approaches

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Psychotherapy models and treatment approaches.

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Psychotherapy

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  1. 1Psychotherapy
    The use of psychological methods through regular personal interaction to help people change behavior, increase happiness, and overcome problems
  2. 2Mental health according to WHO
    A state of well-being where individuals realize abilities, cope with normal stress, work productively, and contribute to their community
  3. 3Main types of mental health professionals
    Psychiatrists, psychologists, clinical social workers, mental health nurses, marriage/family therapists, licensed counselors
  4. 4Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
    A therapy focusing on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional regulation and develop coping strategies
  5. 5Psychoanalysis
    Freudian therapy exploring unconscious thoughts and past experiences to understand current behavior and mental processes
  6. 6a psychologist vs a psychiatrist
    Psychiatrists are medical doctors who can prescribe medication; psychologists have doctoral degrees in psychology but cannot prescribe
  7. 7Therapeutic alliance
    The collaborative relationship between therapist and client - a key factor in successful therapy outcomes
  8. 8Most common mental disorders
    Anxiety disorders and depression (affecting ~970 million people globally as of 2019)
  9. 9Group therapy
    Psychotherapy involving multiple clients simultaneously, led by one or more therapists, providing peer support and interaction
  10. 10Family therapy
    Therapy involving family members to address relational dynamics, communication patterns, and systemic family issues
  11. 11Exposure therapy
    A behavioral therapy technique where patients gradually confront feared objects/situations to reduce anxiety and phobias
  12. 12Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
    A CBT variant focusing on mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness (developed for BPD)
  13. 13Humanistic therapy
    An approach emphasizing personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness of people (e.g., Carl Rogers' client-centered therapy)
  14. 14Biopsychosocial model
    A framework viewing mental health as influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors - not just one dimension
  15. 15Mindfulness-based therapy
    Therapeutic approaches incorporating meditation and present-moment awareness to reduce stress and improve mental health
  16. 16Psychopharmacology
    The study and use of psychiatric medications to treat mental disorders (antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, etc.)
  17. 17DSM-5
    Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition - standard classification system for mental disorders in the US
  18. 18ICD-11
    International Classification of Diseases, 11th revision - WHO's global standard for diagnosing and reporting mental disorders
  19. 19Trauma-informed care
    An approach recognizing the widespread impact of trauma and emphasizing safety, trustworthiness, and empowerment in treatment
  20. 20EMDR therapy
    Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - used primarily for PTSD, involving bilateral stimulation while recalling traumatic memories
  21. 21Motivational interviewing
    A collaborative counseling style designed to strengthen personal motivation for change by exploring and resolving ambivalence
  22. 22Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
    Therapy encouraging acceptance of thoughts/feelings while committing to values-based action, using mindfulness and behavioral strategies
  23. 23Mental hygiene movement
    Early 20th-century movement promoting mental health awareness, better treatment conditions, and preventive mental healthcare
  24. 24Deinstitutionalization
    The policy shift (1960s-70s) replacing large psychiatric hospitals with community-based mental health services
  25. 25Telepsychotherapy
    Mental health services delivered remotely via telephone, video conferencing, or online platforms
  26. 26Solution-focused brief therapy
    A short-term approach focusing on solutions and future goals rather than analyzing past problems
  27. 27Narrative therapy
    An approach viewing people as separate from their problems, helping them 'reauthor' their life stories
  28. 28Importance of cultural competence in therapy
    Recognizing and respecting cultural differences in beliefs, values, and expressions of mental health to provide effective care
  29. 29'dodo bird verdict' in psychotherapy research
    The finding that different therapy approaches often produce similar outcomes, suggesting common factors (like therapeutic relationship) drive success
  30. 30Psychological resilience
    The ability to adapt and bounce back from adversity, trauma, or significant stress

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