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Mental Health: DSM-5 Disorders Overview

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Major categories of mental disorders per the DSM-5.

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DSM-5

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  1. 1DSM-5
    The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, published in 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association - the taxonomic and diagnostic tool for psychiatric diagnoses in the United States
  2. 2DSM-5-TR
    A revised version of DSM-5 (Text Revision) published in March 2022, updating diagnostic criteria and ICD-10-CM codes
  3. 3How many sections is the DSM-5 divided into?
    Three sections, designated using Roman numerals
  4. 4What does Section I of the DSM-5 describe?
    DSM-5 basics including chapter organization, changes from the multiaxial system, and Section III's dimensional assessments
  5. 5What does Section II of the DSM-5 contain?
    Diagnostic criteria and codes - chapters describing types of mental disorders with specific diagnoses, diagnostic criteria, features, prevalence, and differential diagnosis
  6. 6Section III of the DSM-5
    Emerging measures and models - dimensional measures for assessment, cultural formulation criteria, the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders, and conditions for further study
  7. 7What major change did DSM-5 make regarding Asperger syndrome?
    Re-conceptualized Asperger syndrome from a distinct disorder to an autism spectrum disorder
  8. 8What change was made to schizophrenia in DSM-5?
    All subtypes of schizophrenia (paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual) were removed in favor of a severity-based rating approach
  9. 9Deleted from depressive disorders in DSM-5
    The bereavement exclusion
  10. 10How was gender identity disorder reconceptualized in DSM-5?
    Renamed and reconceptualized as gender dysphoria
  11. 11What eating disorder was added as a discrete diagnosis in DSM-5?
    Binge eating disorder graduated from DSM-IV's appendix to a proper diagnosis
  12. 12What replaced the five-axis system in DSM-5?
    The multiaxial system was discarded; all disorders are now listed in Section II with significant psychosocial and contextual features replacing Axis IV and Axis V (GAF) dropped
  13. 13What replaced 'Not Otherwise Specified' (NOS) categories in DSM-5?
    Two options: 'other specified disorder' (allows clinician to specify why criteria aren't met) and 'unspecified disorder'
  14. 14How was 'mental retardation' renamed in DSM-5?
    Renamed to 'intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder)'
  15. 15Communication disorders in DSM-5
    Formerly speech or language disorders - now include language disorder, speech sound disorder, childhood-onset fluency disorder (stuttering), and social (pragmatic) communication disorder
  16. 16What four former diagnoses were incorporated into autism spectrum disorder in DSM-5?
    Classic autism, Asperger disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)
  17. 17How does DSM-5 organize autism spectrum disorder symptoms?
    Into two groups: impaired social communication and/or interaction, and restricted and/or repetitive behaviors
  18. 18Three severity levels for ASD in DSM-5
    Level 1 'requiring support', level 2 'requiring substantial support', and level 3 'requiring very substantial support'
  19. 19What change was made to ADHD age of onset in DSM-5?
    The requisite age of symptom onset was changed from 7 years old to 12 years old
  20. 20Removed as an exclusionary diagnosis for ADHD in DSM-5
    Autism is no longer specified as an exclusionary diagnosis for ADHD
  21. 21What does 'Specific Learning Disorder' encompass in DSM-5?
    Shortcomings in academic skill development, including dyslexia and dyscalculia
  22. 22What new sub-category was created under neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5?
    Motor disorders - encompasses developmental coordination disorder, stereotypic movement disorder, and tic disorders including Tourette syndrome
  23. 23Now required for schizoaffective disorder diagnosis in DSM-5
    A major mood episode is required for a majority of the disorder's duration after criterion A is met
  24. 24How many symptoms are required for catatonia diagnosis in DSM-5?
    3 of a total of 12 symptoms
  25. 25Where can catatonia be specified in DSM-5?
    As a specifier for depressive, bipolar, and psychotic disorders; part of another medical condition; or of another specified diagnosis
  26. 26What new specifier was added for bipolar disorders in DSM-5?
    'With mixed features' can be applied to bipolar I, bipolar II, bipolar disorder NED, and MDD
  27. 27Anxiety specifier called in DSM-5
    'Anxious distress' - added to bipolar disorder and depressive disorders (but not part of the diagnostic criteria)
  28. 28What new disorder was added for children in DSM-5 depressive disorders?
    Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) for children up to age 18 years
  29. 29What happened to premenstrual dysphoric disorder in DSM-5?
    Moved from an appendix for further study and became a disorder
  30. 30Dysthymia now also called in DSM-5
    Persistent depressive disorder

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