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Stock Market & Trading

80 cards · 🇺🇸 English

Stock exchanges, indices and how trading works.

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Stock market

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  1. 1Stock market
    An aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (shares) representing ownership claims on businesses
  2. 2Stock exchange
    A marketplace where stockbrokers and traders buy and sell shares, bonds, and other securities
  3. 3NYSE
    New York Stock Exchange
  4. 4What type of exchange is NASDAQ?
    An electronic exchange where all trading is done over a computer network
  5. 5Open outcry
    A trading method where traders shout bid and offer prices on a physical trading floor
  6. 6Trading at market
    Accepting any available ask price (when buying) or bid price (when selling)
  7. 7Bid-ask spread
    The difference between the highest price a buyer will pay and the lowest price a seller will accept
  8. 8Market maker
    An entity that maintains a two-sided market, providing liquidity by buying and selling securities
  9. 9Liquidity in finance
    How quickly and easily an asset can be converted to cash without affecting its price
  10. 10Two main ways companies raise capital
    Stock markets (equity) and debt markets (bonds)
  11. 11OTC trading
    Over-the-counter trading - securities traded directly between parties without an exchange
  12. 12Indirect stock ownership
    Owning shares through mutual funds, ETFs, or retirement accounts rather than directly
  13. 13What percentage of stocks do the wealthiest 1% of Americans own?
    Nearly 50% (as of 2025)
  14. 14Origin of the word 'bourse
    From the Van der Beurze family's inn in 13th-century Bruges where traders gathered
  15. 15One of the first companies to issue shares
    The Dutch VOC (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) in the early 1600s
  16. 16Joint stock company
    A company whose stock is owned jointly by shareholders
  17. 17What period did the Great Recession cover?
    2007-2009
  18. 18Circuit breaker in trading
    A mechanism that halts trading if the market declines by prescribed points/percentages
  19. 19At what percentage drop does the NYSE halt trading?
    7%, 13%, and 20% (with different halt durations)
  20. 20Stock market index
    A measurement of a section of the stock market, tracking price movements of selected stocks
  21. 21What does S&P 500 track?
    500 of the largest companies listed on US stock exchanges
  22. 22Dow Jones Industrial Average
    A stock index tracking 30 large, publicly-owned US companies
  23. 23FTSE 100
    An index of the 100 largest companies listed on the London Stock Exchange
  24. 24Efficient market hypothesis (EMH)
    The hypothesis that asset prices reflect all available information at the current time
  25. 25Herding behavior in markets
    When investors follow the crowd rather than their own analysis (group thinking)
  26. 26What psychological factor causes overreaction to news?
    Pattern recognition bias - seeing patterns in random noise
  27. 27Economic bubble
    When asset prices rise far above their intrinsic value, often followed by a crash
  28. 28Dot-com bubble
    A stock market bubble in the late 1990s caused by excessive speculation in internet companies
  29. 29Fundamental analysis
    Analyzing companies by their financial statements, business trends, and economic conditions
  30. 30Technical analysis
    Studying price patterns and charts to forecast price trends based on historical performance

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