🩺

Common Diseases: GI, Endocrine & Dermatological

99 cards · 🇺🇸 English

Digestive, hormonal and skin conditions.

medicinediseasesgastrointestinalendocrinedermatology

Study all 99 cards for free

Flashcards, quizzes, pixel-art games and a daily review that remembers for you.

Study this deck free

Try the first 10 cards

1 / 10
Question

Disease

Knew itLearning

Tap the card for the answer · swipe right if you knew it, left if not

Already have an account? Sign in

Cards

  1. 1Disease
    A particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury
  2. 2Four main types of disease
    Infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases, and physiological diseases
  3. 3acute vs chronic disease
    Acute disease is short-lived (like common cold); chronic disease persists for a long time (usually at least six months)
  4. 4Diabetes mellitus
    An endocrine disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance
  5. 5Main types of diabetes mellitus
    Type 1 (autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells) and Type 2 (insulin resistance, often lifestyle-related)
  6. 6Prediabetes
    A subclinical or prodromal vanguard of diabetes where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes
  7. 7Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
    A chronic digestive condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and irritation
  8. 8Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
    A group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the GI tract, primarily Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
  9. 9Crohn's disease vs ulcerative colitis
    Crohn's can affect any part of the GI tract with patchy inflammation through all layers; ulcerative colitis affects only the colon and rectum with continuous superficial inflammation
  10. 10Celiac disease
    An autoimmune disorder where ingestion of gluten leads to damage of the small intestine
  11. 11Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
    A functional GI disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits without structural abnormalities
  12. 12Peptic ulcer disease
    Sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, upper small intestine, or esophagus, often caused by H. pylori infection or NSAIDs
  13. 13Helicobacter pylori
    A bacterium that colonizes the stomach and is a major cause of peptic ulcers and gastritis
  14. 14Gastritis
    Inflammation of the stomach lining, which can be acute or chronic
  15. 15Cirrhosis
    Advanced scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism
  16. 16Hepatitis
    Inflammation of the liver, commonly caused by viral infections (hepatitis A, B, C) but also by alcohol, toxins, or autoimmune conditions
  17. 17Pancreatitis
    Inflammation of the pancreas, which can be acute or chronic, often caused by gallstones or alcohol abuse
  18. 18Cholecystitis
    Inflammation of the gallbladder, usually caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct
  19. 19Gallstones
    Hardened deposits of digestive fluid (bile) that can form in the gallbladder
  20. 20Appendicitis
    Inflammation of the appendix, a medical emergency requiring surgical removal to prevent rupture
  21. 21Diverticulitis
    Inflammation or infection of diverticula (small pouches) that can form in the walls of the digestive system, especially the colon
  22. 22Colorectal cancer
    Cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, often developing from polyps
  23. 23Hypothyroidism
    An endocrine condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones, slowing metabolism
  24. 24Hyperthyroidism
    An endocrine condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, accelerating metabolism
  25. 25Graves' disease
    An autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, characterized by overproduction of thyroid hormones
  26. 26Hashimoto's thyroiditis
    An autoimmune disorder that causes hypothyroidism through chronic inflammation and destruction of the thyroid gland
  27. 27Cushing's syndrome
    An endocrine disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol
  28. 28Addison's disease
    An endocrine disorder where the adrenal glands don't produce enough cortisol and aldosterone
  29. 29Metabolic syndrome
    A cluster of conditions (high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, abnormal cholesterol) that increase risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes
  30. 30Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
    An endocrine disorder in women characterized by hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and often cysts on the ovaries

And 69 more cards. Study the whole deck free

Articles about this deck

More Medicine decks

See all
Study all 99 cards free