Learn the Nervous and Endocrine Systems: 79 Flashcards from Myelin to the Pituitary
Study guide for the Human Anatomy: Nervous & Endocrine deck: CNS vs PNS, myelin, neurotransmitters, pituitary hormones, insulin vs glucagon and 3 gaps to fill.
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The nervous and endocrine systems are the body's two control networks: one fires electrical signals at over 100 metres per second, the other drips hormones into the blood and waits. The Flip It deck Human Anatomy: Nervous & Endocrine (deck code RP2466, 79 cards) covers both in two clean halves: cards 1-40 on neurons, divisions and neurotransmitters, cards 41-79 on glands, hormones and endocrine disease.
Study this deck: Human Anatomy: Nervous & Endocrine
1 / 10Two main parts of the nervous system
Tap the card for the answer · swipe right if you knew it, left if not
Cards worth knowing cold
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
| What cells produce myelin in the CNS? | Oligodendrocytes |
| What cells produce myelin in the PNS? | Schwann cells |
| Ganglion | Cluster of neuron cell bodies in the PNS |
| Nucleus (in neuroanatomy) | Cluster of neuron cell bodies in the CNS |
| Two most common neurotransmitters | Glutamate (excitatory) and GABA (inhibitory) |
| Anterior vs posterior pituitary | Anterior produces TSH, ACTH, GH, LH, FSH; posterior stores and releases ADH and oxytocin |
| What cells in the pancreas produce glucagon? | Alpha cells (in islets of Langerhans) |
| What does the parathyroid gland secrete? | Parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium |
| Addison's disease | Adrenal insufficiency, low cortisol and aldosterone |
What the deck covers
CNS vs PNS, neurons, glial cells, axons, synapses (electrical and chemical), action potentials, myelin, gray vs white matter, reflex arcs, afferent sensory and efferent motor neurons, somatic vs autonomic, sympathetic "fight or flight", parasympathetic "rest and digest", the enteric nervous system, 12 pairs of cranial nerves, acetylcholine, dopamine, long-term potentiation, meninges and dura mater, multiple sclerosis, diabetic neuropathy. Then the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid (T3/T4), parathyroid, adrenals (cortisol, adrenaline, aldosterone), pineal melatonin, pancreatic beta and alpha cells, insulin vs glucagon, gonads, tropic hormones, negative feedback, endocrine/paracrine/autocrine signaling, Type 1 diabetes, hypothyroidism, Graves', Cushing's and pituitary adenoma.
Study it in pairs
This deck is built on mirror images, so drill them as pairs rather than single cards: oligodendrocytes/Schwann cells, ganglion/nucleus, sympathetic/parasympathetic, afferent/efferent, insulin/glucagon, alpha/beta cells, Graves'/hypothyroidism, Cushing's/Addison's. When one card of a pair comes up, say the other one out loud before flipping. Most exam questions on these topics are contrast questions anyway.
Three gaps to patch yourself
- No brain anatomy. The deck never names the cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, thalamus or the four lobes. Write 5-6 cards for them before card 1; without them the nervous half covers cells, not anatomy.
- Meninges: one layer out of three. Card 32 says the meninges have three layers, but only the dura mater gets a card. Add arachnoid mater (middle, with the subarachnoid space and CSF) and pia mater (inner, hugging the brain).
- Disease vs syndrome. Card 75 defines Cushing's disease as excess cortisol "often due to a pituitary tumor". Strictly, Cushing's syndrome is excess cortisol from any cause, and Cushing's disease is the pituitary (ACTH-secreting adenoma) form. Rewrite the card with both terms, and link it to card 79 (pituitary adenoma). Card 71's "steroids, eicosanoids, amino acid derivatives" is also the older classification: most textbooks now teach peptide, steroid and amine hormones.
Keep going
The deck is part of the Flip It anatomy series. For the 12 cranial nerves in their full anatomical context, continue with the Head, Neck and Spine anatomy study guide. For the cell side (membranes, ATP, signaling), see How to learn cell biology.
Open Flip It, search the library for Human Anatomy: Nervous & Endocrine (RP2466) and start with the pairs.
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