📚

Bar Exam: Constitutional & Criminal Law

97 cards · 🇺🇸 English

Essential flashcard deck for US Bar Exam covering Constitutional Law (federal powers, individual rights, due process) and Criminal Law (crimes, defenses, criminal procedure) for legal practice.

Test PreparationBar Exam

Study all 97 cards for free

Flashcards, quizzes, pixel-art games and a daily review that remembers for you.

Study this deck free

Try the first 10 cards

1 / 10
Question

What is a bar examination?

Knew itLearning

Tap the card for the answer · swipe right if you knew it, left if not

Already have an account? Sign in

Cards

  1. 1What is a bar examination?
    An examination administered by a bar association that a lawyer must pass in order to be admitted to the bar of that jurisdiction
  2. 2How long is the typical US bar exam?
    Two days, consisting of multiple-choice questions, essay questions, and performance tests
  3. 3What is the National Conference of Bar Examiners (NCBE)?
    An organization that creates component examinations used in varying combinations by all but two US jurisdictions
  4. 4What is bar review?
    A regimen of intensive study that most law school graduates engage in between graduation and sitting for the bar exam
  5. 5What is the US Constitution?
    The supreme law of the United States, establishing the framework of the federal government and fundamental rights
  6. 6What are the three branches of the US federal government?
    Legislative (Congress), Executive (President), and Judicial (Supreme Court and federal courts)
  7. 7What is separation of powers?
    The constitutional principle dividing governmental powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent concentration of power
  8. 8What is checks and balances?
    The system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches
  9. 9What is the Supremacy Clause?
    Article VI provision making federal law supreme over conflicting state law
  10. 10What is federalism?
    The division of power between the federal government and state governments
  11. 11What is the Commerce Clause?
    Article I, Section 8 provision giving Congress power to regulate interstate commerce
  12. 12What is the Necessary and Proper Clause?
    Article I, Section 8 provision allowing Congress to make laws necessary and proper for executing its enumerated powers
  13. 13What is the Tenth Amendment?
    Amendment reserving powers not delegated to the federal government to the states or the people
  14. 14What is judicial review?
    The power of courts to review and invalidate laws or government actions that violate the Constitution (established in Marbury v. Madison)
  15. 15What is the Bill of Rights?
    The first ten amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791, protecting individual liberties
  16. 16What does the First Amendment protect?
    Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition
  17. 17What does the Second Amendment protect?
    The right to keep and bear arms
  18. 18What does the Fourth Amendment protect?
    Protection against unreasonable searches and seizures; requires warrants based on probable cause
  19. 19What does the Fifth Amendment guarantee?
    Grand jury indictment for capital crimes, protection against double jeopardy and self-incrimination, due process, and just compensation for takings
  20. 20What does the Sixth Amendment guarantee?
    Right to a speedy and public trial, impartial jury, to be informed of charges, to confront witnesses, and to have assistance of counsel in criminal prosecutions
  21. 21What does the Eighth Amendment prohibit?
    Excessive bail and fines, and cruel and unusual punishment
  22. 22What is the Fourteenth Amendment?
    Post-Civil War amendment guaranteeing due process and equal protection, and incorporating most Bill of Rights protections against states
  23. 23What is the Due Process Clause?
    Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment provisions prohibiting government from depriving persons of life, liberty, or property without due process of law
  24. 24What is substantive due process?
    Constitutional protection of fundamental rights from government interference, regardless of procedural fairness
  25. 25What is procedural due process?
    Constitutional requirement that government provide fair procedures (notice and hearing) before depriving someone of life, liberty, or property
  26. 26What is the Equal Protection Clause?
    Fourteenth Amendment provision requiring states to treat similarly situated people equally
  27. 27What is strict scrutiny?
    The highest level of judicial review, applied to laws affecting fundamental rights or suspect classifications; requires compelling government interest and narrow tailoring
  28. 28What is rational basis review?
    The lowest level of judicial review, requiring only that a law be rationally related to a legitimate government interest
  29. 29What is intermediate scrutiny?
    Middle-tier judicial review applied to gender classifications; requires substantially related to an important government interest
  30. 30What is freedom of speech?
    First Amendment right to express ideas and opinions without government censorship or punishment

And 67 more cards. Study the whole deck free

Articles about this deck

More Test Preparation decks

See all
Study all 97 cards free