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Ancient Greece

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City-states, philosophy, mythology and the classical Greek world.

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What period does Ancient Greece cover?

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  1. 1What period does Ancient Greece cover?
    From approximately the 8th century BC (following the Greek Dark Age) to around 600 AD
  2. 2What major periods is Ancient Greek history divided into?
    The Archaic period, the Classical period, and the Hellenistic period
  3. 3When was the Archaic period of Ancient Greece?
    Approximately 800-480 BC
  4. 4When was the Classical period of Ancient Greece?
    Approximately 480-323 BC
  5. 5When was the Hellenistic period?
    323-31 BC, from the death of Alexander the Great to the Roman conquest
  6. 6What Greek polis became the dominant power in the Classical period?
    Athens, particularly during its Golden Age under Pericles
  7. 7What was the polis?
    The Greek city-state, the fundamental political unit of ancient Greece
  8. 8What were the two most powerful Greek city-states?
    Athens and Sparta
  9. 9What type of government did Athens develop?
    Democracy, specifically a direct democracy where citizens voted on laws and policies
  10. 10What type of government did Sparta have?
    An oligarchic and militaristic system with two hereditary kings and a council of elders
  11. 11Who were the three great tragic playwrights of Ancient Greece?
    Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides
  12. 12Who was the most famous comic playwright of Ancient Greece?
    Aristophanes
  13. 13Who were the three most famous Classical Greek philosophers?
    Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
  14. 14Who is considered the 'Father of History'?
    Herodotus
  15. 15Who wrote 'The History of the Peloponnesian War'?
    Thucydides
  16. 16Who was Hippocrates?
    An ancient Greek physician known as the 'Father of Medicine', associated with the Hippocratic Oath
  17. 17What were the Persian Wars?
    A series of conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, primarily in the early 5th century BC
  18. 18When was the Battle of Marathon?
    490 BC, where the Athenians defeated the Persians
  19. 19When was the Battle of Thermopylae?
    480 BC, where 300 Spartans and other Greeks fought against the Persian army
  20. 20When was the Battle of Salamis?
    480 BC, a decisive naval victory for the Greeks over the Persians
  21. 21What was the Peloponnesian War?
    A protracted conflict (431-404 BC) between Athens and its empire versus Sparta and its allies
  22. 22Who won the Peloponnesian War?
    Sparta
  23. 23What was the Delian League?
    An alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens, formed after the Persian Wars
  24. 24What was the Peloponnesian League?
    An alliance of city-states led by Sparta
  25. 25Who was Alexander the Great?
    King of Macedon who created one of the largest empires in history by age 30, conquering territories from Greece to India
  26. 26When did Alexander the Great reign?
    336-323 BC
  27. 27Who was Alexander the Great's tutor?
    Aristotle
  28. 28What empire did Alexander the Great conquer?
    The Persian Empire (Achaemenid Empire)
  29. 29What were the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece?
    Athletic competitions held every four years at Olympia in honor of Zeus, beginning in 776 BC
  30. 30What were the main events in the ancient Olympic Games?
    Running, long jump, shot put, javelin, boxing, pankration, and equestrian events

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