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World War II: European Theater

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The Second World War in Europe, from the invasion of Poland to VE Day.

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What were the dates of the European theatre of World War II?

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  1. 1What were the dates of the European theatre of World War II?
    September 1, 1939 – May 25, 1945 (5 years, 8 months, 3 weeks and 3 days)
  2. 2Which were the two main Allied powers in Europe?
    Soviet Union, United States, United Kingdom, and France
  3. 3Which were the main Axis powers in Europe?
    Nazi Germany, Kingdom of Italy, Romania, Hungary, and Bulgaria
  4. 4How many deaths did the European theatre cause?
    At least 39 million deaths
  5. 5What event started World War II?
    Germany's invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939
  6. 6When did Germany unconditionally surrender?
    May 8, 1945
  7. 7Who were the three main Axis dictators?
    Adolf Hitler (Germany), Benito Mussolini (Italy), and Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union for early cooperation, but later Allied)
  8. 8Who was the leader of Nazi Germany?
    Adolf Hitler
  9. 9Who was the leader of Fascist Italy?
    Benito Mussolini
  10. 10Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during WWII?
    Joseph Stalin
  11. 11Who was the British Prime Minister for most of WWII?
    Winston Churchill
  12. 12Who was the U.S. President for most of WWII?
    Franklin D. Roosevelt
  13. 13Who succeeded Roosevelt after his death in 1945?
    Harry S. Truman
  14. 14Who was the leader of Free France?
    Charles de Gaulle
  15. 15What treaty placed punitive conditions on Germany after WWI?
    The Treaty of Versailles (1919)
  16. 16What were some punishments Germany faced under the Treaty of Versailles?
    Loss of Alsace-Lorraine and Saarland, military limitations, reparation payments, and the Rhineland becoming a demilitarized zone
  17. 17When did Hitler become chancellor and führer of Germany?
    1933
  18. 18What 1933 event gave Hitler the opportunity to blame his political opponents?
    The Reichstag building fire (arson attack)
  19. 19What decree abolished freedom of speech, assembly, privacy, and the press in Germany?
    The Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of the People and State
  20. 20What 1934 purge eliminated leaders within the Nazi Party's SA?
    The Night of the Long Knives
  21. 21When did Mussolini and his followers seize power in Rome?
    1922 (during the March on Rome)
  22. 22Who was the King of Italy alongside Mussolini?
    Victor Emmanuel III
  23. 23What 1936 pact of mutual assurance was made between Italy and Germany?
    The Rome-Berlin Axis agreement
  24. 24What 1936 pact did Japan and Germany sign to counter communism?
    The Anti-Comintern Pact (Italy joined in 1937)
  25. 25What 1939 pact formalized the Rome-Berlin axis?
    The Pact of Steel
  26. 26What was the Nazi concept of 'lebensraum'?
    Living space - increasing the amount of land in Europe where members of the Aryan race could live
  27. 27What pseudoscientific racial hierarchy did the Nazis believe in?
    The 'Aryan race' (white ethnic Germans) as the most superior, with Jews and Slavs at or near the bottom
  28. 28When did Germany begin building concentration camps?
    1933
  29. 29Who were targeted by Nazi concentration camps?
    Jews, Poles, Romani people, Jehovah's Witnesses, Freemasons, disabled people, LGBTQ people, socialists, social democrats, and communists
  30. 30When did the mass killing in concentration camps expand (the usual start date of the Holocaust)?
    1941

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