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Volcanoes & Tectonic Plates

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Active volcanoes and the tectonic plates that shape them.

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Question

What is an active volcano?

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1What is an active volcano?
A volcano that is currently erupting or has the potential to erupt in the future; conventionally applied to any that have erupted during the Holocene (last 11,700 years)
2How many potentially active volcanoes are there around the world?
1,650 potentially active volcanoes, 500 of which have erupted in historical time
3What is the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A region along the Pacific Rim where many active volcanoes are located due to tectonic plate boundaries
4How many people live near active volcanoes worldwide?
An estimated 500 million people
5Which country has the most Holocene volcanoes?
United States with 165 Holocene volcanoes
6Which country has the most volcanoes active since 1960?
Indonesia with 55 active volcanoes since 1960
7What is Kīlauea famous for?
A Hawaiian volcano in nearly continuous effusive eruption between 1983-2018, with the longest-observed lava lake
8What is the largest active volcano in the world?
Mauna Loa in Hawaii, with its summit more than 4 km above sea level and 17 km above its base on the sea floor
9Which are Africa's most active volcanoes?
Mount Nyiragongo and its neighbor Nyamuragira
10What is special about Erta Ale volcano?
Located in the Afar Triangle, it has maintained a lava lake since at least 1906
11What is unique about Mount Erebus?
Located in Antarctica, it has maintained a lava lake since at least 1972
12What is the most active volcano in Italy?
Mount Etna, one of the Mediterranean's most active volcanoes
13What makes Stromboli volcano distinctive?
A Mediterranean volcano with nearly continuous activity, known for its regular explosive eruptions
14What is Piton de la Fournaise?
A volcano in Réunion that erupts frequently enough to be a tourist attraction
15Which volcanic field in Mexico has more than 5 million people within 5 km?
Michoacan-Guanajuato volcanic field
16Which volcanic group in Taiwan has over 5 million people within 5 km?
Tatun Volcanic Group
17Which volcano buried Pompeii and Herculaneum in 79 AD?
Mount Vesuvius in Italy, a stratovolcano near Naples
18What type of volcano is Mount Fuji?
A stratovolcano, Japan's highest mountain and an iconic symbol
19What is Popocatépetl?
An active stratovolcano in Mexico, located near Mexico City
20What is the highest active volcano in the world?
Ojos del Salado (6,893 m) on the Chile-Argentina border, a complex volcano
21Which volcano had the largest eruption in recorded history?
Mount Tambora in Indonesia (1815 eruption), a stratovolcano on Sumbawa
22What is Krakatoa famous for?
A volcanic caldera in Indonesia that had a catastrophic eruption in 1883, creating massive tsunamis
23What is Mount Pinatubo known for?
A stratovolcano in the Philippines that had a major eruption in 1991, one of the largest of the 20th century
24What is Mayon volcano's characteristic?
A stratovolcano in the Philippines known for its perfect cone shape
25What is Taal volcano?
A caldera volcano in the Philippines located on an island within a lake
26Which Chilean volcano erupted in 2011?
Puyehue-Cordón Caulle, a stratovolcano that produced significant ash clouds
27What is Villarrica volcano?
One of Chile's most active stratovolcanoes with a persistent lava lake
28Which volcano in Colombia caused a deadly lahar in 1985?
Nevado del Ruiz, a stratovolcano that killed over 23,000 people in Armero
29What is Cotopaxi?
One of the world's highest active volcanoes (5,897 m), a stratovolcano in Ecuador
30Which volcano in Ecuador is one of the most active?
Sangay, a stratovolcano in continuous eruption since 2019