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Terminal & Shell Commands

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Shell types and everyday terminal navigation and utility commands.

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Shell

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  1. 1Shell
    A command-line interface that provides access to the operating system
  2. 2Bash
    Bourne Again Shell - the most common Unix/Linux shell
  3. 3Zsh
    Z Shell - an extended bash-like shell with advanced features
  4. 4'ls'
    Lists files and directories in the current directory
  5. 5'cd'
    Changes the current directory
  6. 6'pwd'
    Prints the current working directory path
  7. 7'mkdir'
    Creates a new directory
  8. 8'rm'
    Removes (deletes) files or directories
  9. 9'cp'
    Copies files or directories
  10. 10'mv'
    Moves or renames files or directories
  11. 11'touch'
    Creates an empty file or updates file timestamp
  12. 12'cat'
    Displays the contents of a file
  13. 13'less'
    Views file content one page at a time (paginator)
  14. 14'head'
    Displays the first lines of a file (default 10)
  15. 15'tail'
    Displays the last lines of a file (default 10)
  16. 16'grep'
    Searches for patterns in files using regular expressions
  17. 17'find'
    Searches for files and directories by name, type, etc.
  18. 18'chmod'
    Changes file permissions (read, write, execute)
  19. 19'chown'
    Changes file owner and group
  20. 20'ps'
    Displays currently running processes
  21. 21'top'
    Displays real-time system resource usage and processes
  22. 22'kill'
    Terminates a process by PID
  23. 23'sudo'
    Executes a command with superuser (root) privileges
  24. 24'man'
    Displays the manual page for a command
  25. 25'echo'
    Prints text to the terminal or redirects to a file
  26. 26'which'
    Shows the full path of a command
  27. 27'whereis'
    Locates the binary, source, and manual page for a command
  28. 28'df'
    Displays disk space usage of file systems
  29. 29'du'
    Displays disk usage of files and directories
  30. 30'tar'
    Archives multiple files into a single file (tarball)

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