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German Compound Words

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How German builds long compound nouns from smaller words, with common real-life examples.

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German compound nouns typically written

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  1. 1German compound nouns typically written
    As one solid word without spaces or hyphens. Example: Haustür (not Haus Tür)
  2. 2Gender of a German compound noun
    The gender of the last word (the head). Example: die Haustür (das Haus + die Tür → die Tür)
  3. 3skyscraper
    der Wolkenkratzer (Wolken = clouds + Kratzer = scraper)
  4. 4railway
    die Eisenbahn (Eisen = iron + Bahn = track)
  5. 5automobile
    das Kraftfahrzeug (Kraft = power + fahren = drive + Zeug = machinery)
  6. 6barbed wire
    der Stacheldraht (Stachel = barb + Draht = wire)
  7. 7house door
    die Haustür (Haus = house + Tür = door)
  8. 8birthday
    der Geburtstag (Geburt = birth + Tag = day)
  9. 9hospital
    das Krankenhaus (krank = sick + Haus = house)
  10. 10airplane
    das Flugzeug (Flug = flight + Zeug = thing/machinery)
  11. 11airport
    der Flughafen (Flug = flight + Hafen = harbor/port)
  12. 12glove (hand shoe)
    der Handschuh (Hand = hand + Schuh = shoe)
  13. 13refrigerator (cold cupboard)
    der Kühlschrank (kühl = cool + Schrank = cupboard)
  14. 14computer (calculation machine)
    der Rechner or der Computer (rechnen = to calculate + -er = agent)
  15. 15vacuum cleaner (dust sucker)
    der Staubsauger (Staub = dust + saugen = to suck)
  16. 16lighter (fire thing)
    das Feuerzeug (Feuer = fire + Zeug = thing)
  17. 17ambulance (sick wagon)
    der Krankenwagen (Kranken = sick (genitive plural) + Wagen = wagon)
  18. 18turtle (shield toad)
    die Schildkröte (Schild = shield + Kröte = toad)
  19. 19bat (flutter mouse)
    die Fledermaus (Fleder = flutter + Maus = mouse)
  20. 20hippopotamus (Nile horse)
    das Nilpferd (Nil = Nile + Pferd = horse)
  21. 21sloth (lazy animal)
    das Faultier (faul = lazy + Tier = animal)
  22. 22pig (house pig)
    das Schwein or das Hausschwein (Haus = house + Schwein = swine)
  23. 23guinea pig (sea piglet)
    das Meerschweinchen (Meer = sea + Schwein = pig + -chen = diminutive)
  24. 24raccoon (washing bear)
    der Waschbär (waschen = to wash + Bär = bear)
  25. 25skunk (stink animal)
    das Stinktier (stinken = to stink + Tier = animal)
  26. 26squid (ink fish)
    der Tintenfisch (Tinte = ink + Fisch = fish)
  27. 27seal (sea dog)
    der Seehund (See = sea + Hund = dog)
  28. 28slug (naked snail)
    die Nacktschnecke (nackt = naked + Schnecke = snail)
  29. 29platypus (beak animal)
    das Schnabeltier (Schnabel = beak + Tier = animal)
  30. 30porcupine (spike pig)
    das Stachelschwein (Stachel = spike + Schwein = pig)

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